Sir Thomas Shenton Whitelegge Thomas, OBE (Officer of the British Empire) (1919), CMG (Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George) (1929), KCMG (Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George) (1931), and GCMG (Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George) (1937), was born in London, England, on 10 Oct 1879. He was educated at St. John's School in Leatherhead, and at Queens' College, Cambridge (he was elected an honorary fellow of the College in 1935).

In 1909, Thomas was appointed Assistant District Commissioner in the East Africa Protectorate. He was transferred to Uganda in 1918, to Nigeria in 1921, and to the Gold Coast (Ghana) in 1927, where he served as Colonial Secretary.

In 1912, he married Lucy Marguerite ('Daisy') Montgomery and they had one daughter.

After holding the posts of Governor of Nyasaland (Malawi) (1929) and Governor of the Gold Coast (Ghana) (1932), Thomas was appointed Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Straits Settlements, High Commissioner for the Malay States (Malaysia), and British agent for North Borneo (Sabah, Malaysia) and Sarawak (1934). This appointment was due to end in Sep 1939, but Thomas agreed to continue in his post during the Second World War. During the war, the Straits Settlements (which comprised the four trade centres of Penang, Singapore, Malacca, and Labuan) were occupied by the Japanese, and Thomas and his wife were interned in Changi Gaol in Singapore. Thomas was subsequently transferred to Formosa in Taiwan (Aug 1942) and to Manchuria (Oct 1944), where he was liberated by American forces in Aug 1945. In Sep of the same year, he was reunited in Calcutta (Kolkata) with his wife, who had been interned in Singapore throughout, and they returned to England.

Thomas tried, without success, to correct what he felt to be the bias and prejudice in the official history of the war against Japan, and to include in it an adequate appreciation of the sufferings of the people of the Straits Settlements and Malay States (Malaysia) during the Japanese occupation. His request that a report that he wrote be published was refused.

After officially retiring in 1946, Thomas was Chairman of the Overseas League (1946-1949), Chairman of the British Empire Leprosy Relief Association (1949-1955), a member of the governing body of St. John's School in Leatherhead (from 1948), and Vice-President of the Fauna Preservation Society (from 1955). He died in London on 15 Jan 1962.

Compiled with reference to the Dictionary of National Biography.